{"id":1210,"date":"2024-01-15T21:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-01-15T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210"},"modified":"2025-02-01T10:11:47","modified_gmt":"2025-02-01T10:11:47","slug":"nigerias-role-in-the-promotion-of-peace-and-security-in-the-gulf-of-guinea-through-multilateral-cooperation-2001-2022","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210","title":{"rendered":"Article 08 Issue 01 VOL 5 January 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"section-gf9811f\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-gf9811f gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-center-desktop text-align-center-tablet text-align-center-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><h1 class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong>Title:&nbsp;Nigeria\u2019s Role in the Promotion of Peace and Security in the Gulf of Guinea through Multilateral Cooperation 2001-2022<\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g4e880b\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g4e880b gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-center-desktop text-align-center-tablet text-align-center-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong><strong><strong>EDGAR Agubamah<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g42274c\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g42274c gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-center-desktop text-align-center-tablet text-align-center-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong><strong>Department of Political Science and International Studies<br>Faculty of Social Sciences<\/strong><\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g7bab91\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g7bab91 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-center-desktop text-align-center-tablet text-align-center-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong><strong>Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria<\/strong><\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-ge185f8\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-ge185f8 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-left-desktop text-align-left-tablet text-align-left-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><h1 class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g974096\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g974096 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-justify-desktop text-align-justify-tablet text-align-justify-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\">This work examines Nigeria\u2019s role in promoting peace and security in the Gulf of Guinea region. The regional security theory (RST), which highlights the link of interdependent relationships among states within a region, serves as the theoretical framework of the study. The objective of the research is to evaluate Nigeria\u2019s contributions to peace and security through multilateral cooperation in the Gulf of Guinea region. <br>The study utilizessecondary data from credible sources such as official reports, policy documents, books, diplomatic records, magazines, Newspapers, internet sources, and academic literature.<br>Documentary evidence was used to analyze the data obtained. The data collection process follows specific criteria for relevance, reliability, and credibility. <br>The findings reveal that Nigeria to promote peace and security in the Gulf Region, actively engages in multilateral initiatives and collaborations, such as those within the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) since its establishment in 1975, the Yaound\u00e9 Architecture since 2013, and the Gulf of Guinea Commission (GGC) since 2001. In addition, to promote peace and security Nigeria participates in joint patrols, intelligence sharing, capacity building, and collaborative efforts to address maritime security challenges. The study highlights the importance of international cooperation and partnerships in supporting Nigeria\u2019s efforts. Consequently, the work emphasizes the significance of fostering closer collaboration among the Gulf of Guinea countries to enhance maritime security in the area. Collaboration with shipping companies, naval industry stakeholders, and port authorities is essential for sharing information, implementing best practices, and developing joint initiatives to improve security measures and promote a safe operating environment. While progress has been made, the work underscores challenges related to limited resources, capacity gaps, and memberstates coordination. It emphasizes the need for sustained commitment, cooperation, and investment in capacity building and technology to address peace and security challenges in the Gulf of Guinea. The work suggests further research to explore the effectiveness of multilateral initiatives, Nigeria\u2019s domestic factors, non-traditional security threats, regional dynamics and cooperation, and gender and inclusivity considerations in Nigeria\u2019s promotion of peace and security in the Gulf of Guinea.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-gb41d11\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-gb41d11 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-left-desktop text-align-left-tablet text-align-left-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><h1 class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong>Keywords:<\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g0f37cb\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g0f37cb gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-justify-desktop text-align-justify-tablet text-align-justify-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\">Role, promotion, peace, security, cooperation<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1rW2Y4tpqzmkK8dKDT2Uf3HEFL2B9oROm\/view?usp=sharing\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"278\" src=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1136\" style=\"width:183px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-2.png 1000w, https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-2-300x83.png 300w, https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-2-768x214.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div id=\"section-gb2461d\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-gb2461d gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-left-desktop text-align-left-tablet text-align-left-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><h1 class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong><strong>How to Cite this Paper:<\/strong><\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g81d6c9\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g81d6c9 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-justify-desktop text-align-justify-tablet text-align-justify-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\">Agubamah, E. (2024). Nigeria\u2019s Role in the Promotion of Peace and Security in the Gulf of Guinea through Multilateral Cooperation 2001-2022. <em>Atras Journal, 5<\/em>(1), 102-116<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g-9ki7044\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g-9ki7044 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-justify-desktop text-align-justify-tablet text-align-justify-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong>DOI<br><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70091\/Atras\/vol5no1.8\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70091\/Atras\/vol5no1.8<\/a><\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g1a53e1\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g1a53e1 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-left-desktop text-align-left-tablet text-align-left-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><h1 class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong>References<\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g0d8dd6\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g0d8dd6 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-justify-desktop text-align-justify-tablet text-align-justify-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\">Adejuyigbe, G. (2021). <em>Gulf of Guinea and Nigeria. <\/em>Abuja, Nigeria, Eagle Press<br>Acharya, A. (2017). <em>The End of American World Order<\/em>. Bangkok, Thailand, River Publishers<br>Anthony, A. (2009). <em>Peace A World History. <\/em>Cambridge, UK, Polity Press<br>Babagana, A. (2016). <em>Gulf of Guinea Resources. <\/em>Lagos, Nigeria, Ocean Press<br>Baumeister, R. et al. (1977). <em>Maritime Multilateral Cooperation. <\/em>Accra, Ghana, Oak Press<br>Bernard, B. (2011). <em>Maritime Globalization. <\/em>London, England, Oxford Press<br>Brecher, M. et al. (1997). <em>A study of Coastal Crisis. <\/em>Michigan, USA, Michigan Press<br>Buzan, B. (1983). <em>People, States and Fear: An Agenda for International Security Studies<\/em>.<br>Retrieved from <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/People-States-Fear-InternationalSecurity\/dp\/1588265953\">http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/People-States-Fear-InternationalSecurity\/dp\/1588265953<\/a><br>Buzan, B. et al. (1997). <em>Security: A New Framework for Analysis. <\/em>Retrieved from<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Security-New-Framework-Analysis\/dp\/0803979193\">https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Security-New-Framework-Analysis\/dp\/0803979193<\/a><br>Charles, U., &amp; Wullson, M.E. (2013). <em>African Approach to Maritime Security in the Gulf of<br>Guinea<\/em>. Abuja, Nigeria, Rock Publishers<br>Cortright, D. (2008). <em>A history of maritime movements and ideas. <\/em>Cambridge, UK, Cambridge<br>University Press<br>Curtis, B. (2021). <em>Pirates of the Gulf of Guinea: A Cost Analysis for the Coastal States<\/em>. Madrid, Spain, Stable Publishers<br>Dahl, R. (2007). <em>Politics of Gulf of Guinea. <\/em>Lisbon, Portugal, Sea Press<br>European Council on Foreign Relations. (2020). <em>Oil and Gulf of Guinea. <\/em>Brussels, Belgium, Rhine Publishers<br>Galtung, J. (1964), Theories of Multilateral cooperation, Oslo, Norway, International Peace<br>Research Institute Press<br>Garba, B. (2022). <em>Maritime security in the Gulf of Guinea with emphasis on Nigeria. <\/em>World<br>Maritime University Dissertations. 2162. https:\/\/commons. wmu.se\/all<br>dissertations\/2162<br>IHO, (2008). <em>Standards for Hydrographic Surveys <\/em>(5th Ed.). February 2008 Special Publication No. 44 Published by The International Hydrographic Bureau IPI (2014), Insecurity in the Gulf of Guinea: Assessing the Threats, Preparing the Response, New York, USA<br>International Maritime Organization, (2019). <em>Maritime Security in the Gulf of Guinea<br><\/em>International Maritime Bureau, (2021). <em>Piracy and Armed Robbery Against Ships in West Africa, Annual Report 202<\/em>0. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.icc-ccs.org\/piracy-rep%5borting-centre\/livepiracy-map\/piracy-reporting-centre\/PRC-public-reports-2020\/681-piracy-and-armedrobbery-against-ships-in-west-Africa-annual-report-2020\">https:\/\/www.icc-ccs.org\/piracy-rep[orting-centre\/livepiracy-map\/piracy-reporting-centre\/PRC-public-reports-2020\/681-piracy-and-armedrobbery-against-ships-in-west-Africa-annual-report-2020<\/a><br>Keohane, R. (1984). <em>After Hegemony: Cooperation and Discord in the World Political.<br><\/em>Economy, New York Liberty Press<br>Michael, B. et al. (1997). <em>A study of the Gulf of Guinea Crisis. <\/em>Michigan, USA, Michigan Press<br>Sulaimon, S. (23 June 2021). <em>UN lauds Nigeria\u2019s role in securing the Gulf of Guinea. <\/em>The &nbsp;Guardian p15 Monday<br>Thomas, G. et al. (5th December, 2022). <em>Maritime Security: Piracy in the Gulf of Guinea.<br><\/em>Geneva center for Security Policy (GCSP) UN lauds Nigeria\u2019s role in securing Gulf of<br>Guinea I The Guardian Nigeria News-Nigeria and World News-Business-The Guardian<br>Nigeria News-Nigeria and World News<br>United Nations Office for West Africa and the Sahel, (2019). <em>Maritime Security in West Africa:<br>Developments. <\/em>Threats and Responses.<br>World Bank. (2011). <em>World Development Report 2011: Conflict<\/em>. Security and Development. World Atlas. (2021). <em>The Constituents of Gulf of Guinea. <\/em>Berlin, Germany, Brandenburg Press<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"145\" height=\"50\" src=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2538\" style=\"width:119px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g-6264hl4\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g-6264hl4 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-justify-desktop\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\">Copyright for all articles published in&nbsp;<strong>ATRAS&nbsp;<\/strong>belongs to the author. The authors also grant permission to the publisher to publish, reproduce, distribute, and transmit the articles.&nbsp;<strong>ATRAS&nbsp;<\/strong>publishes accepted papers under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) License. Authors submitting papers for publication in&nbsp;<strong>ATRAS&nbsp;<\/strong>agree to apply the CC BY-NC 4.0 license to their work. For non-commercial purposes, anyone may copy, redistribute material, remix, transform, and construct material in any media or format, provided that the terms of the license are observed and the original source is properly cited.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Role, promotion, peace, security, cooperation, ECOWAS, GGC, Gulf of Guinea Commission , the Economic Communityof West African States <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1282,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[33,31,30,32],"class_list":["post-1210","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vol-05-n01-2024","tag-peace","tag-promotion","tag-role","tag-security"],"gutentor_comment":0,"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Article 08 Issue 01 VOL 5 January 2024 - ATRAS journal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Role, promotion, peace, security, cooperation, ECOWAS, GGC, Gulf of Guinea Commission , the Economic Communityof West African States\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nigeria\u2019s Role in the Promotion of Peace and Security in the Gulf of Guinea through Multilateral Cooperation 2001-2022\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Role, promotion, peace, security, cooperation, ECOWAS, GGC, Gulf of Guinea Commission , the Economic Communityof West African States\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ATRAS journal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/p\/ATRAS-journal-100083161450894\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-01-15T21:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-02-01T10:11:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"atras\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Nigeria\u2019s Role in the Promotion of Peace and Security in the Gulf of Guinea through Multilateral Cooperation 2001-2022\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"Role, promotion, peace, security, cooperation, ECOWAS, GGC, Gulf of Guinea Commission , the Economic Communityof West African States\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"atras\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"atras\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/ad5e6fcff0b37638480b00e92868cd64\"},\"headline\":\"Article 08 Issue 01 VOL 5 January 2024\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-01-15T21:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-02-01T10:11:47+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210\"},\"wordCount\":924,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png\",\"keywords\":[\"peace\",\"promotion\",\"Role\",\"security\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Vol 05 N01 2024\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210\",\"name\":\"Article 08 Issue 01 VOL 5 January 2024 - ATRAS journal\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-01-15T21:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-02-01T10:11:47+00:00\",\"description\":\"Role, promotion, peace, security, cooperation, ECOWAS, GGC, Gulf of Guinea Commission , the Economic Communityof West African States\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png\",\"width\":300,\"height\":300,\"caption\":\"created by mebarki merouane ATRAS journal\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Article 08 Issue 01 VOL 5 January 2024\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/\",\"name\":\"ATRAS journal\",\"description\":\"ATRAS is a double-blind, peer-reviewed, and multidisciplinary journal issued by the Faculty of Letters, Languages, and Arts, Saida University\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"ATRAS journal\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization\",\"name\":\"ATRAS journal\",\"alternateName\":\"ATRAS is a double-blind, peer-reviewed, and multidisciplinary journal issued by the Faculty of Letters, Languages, and Arts, Saida University\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/logo-512x512-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/logo-512x512-1.png\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"ATRAS journal\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/p\/ATRAS-journal-100083161450894\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/ad5e6fcff0b37638480b00e92868cd64\",\"name\":\"atras\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"atras\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?author=2\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Article 08 Issue 01 VOL 5 January 2024 - ATRAS journal","description":"Role, promotion, peace, security, cooperation, ECOWAS, GGC, Gulf of Guinea Commission , the Economic Communityof West African States","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Nigeria\u2019s Role in the Promotion of Peace and Security in the Gulf of Guinea through Multilateral Cooperation 2001-2022","og_description":"Role, promotion, peace, security, cooperation, ECOWAS, GGC, Gulf of Guinea Commission , the Economic Communityof West African States","og_url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210","og_site_name":"ATRAS journal","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/p\/ATRAS-journal-100083161450894\/","article_published_time":"2024-01-15T21:00:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-02-01T10:11:47+00:00","og_image":[{"width":300,"height":300,"url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"atras","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_title":"Nigeria\u2019s Role in the Promotion of Peace and Security in the Gulf of Guinea through Multilateral Cooperation 2001-2022","twitter_description":"Role, promotion, peace, security, cooperation, ECOWAS, GGC, Gulf of Guinea Commission , the Economic Communityof West African States","twitter_image":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"atras","Est. reading time":"6 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210"},"author":{"name":"atras","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/ad5e6fcff0b37638480b00e92868cd64"},"headline":"Article 08 Issue 01 VOL 5 January 2024","datePublished":"2024-01-15T21:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-02-01T10:11:47+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210"},"wordCount":924,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png","keywords":["peace","promotion","Role","security"],"articleSection":["Vol 05 N01 2024"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210","name":"Article 08 Issue 01 VOL 5 January 2024 - ATRAS journal","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png","datePublished":"2024-01-15T21:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-02-01T10:11:47+00:00","description":"Role, promotion, peace, security, cooperation, ECOWAS, GGC, Gulf of Guinea Commission , the Economic Communityof West African States","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png","width":300,"height":300,"caption":"created by mebarki merouane ATRAS journal"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1210#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Article 08 Issue 01 VOL 5 January 2024"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/","name":"ATRAS journal","description":"ATRAS is a double-blind, peer-reviewed, and multidisciplinary journal issued by the Faculty of Letters, Languages, and Arts, Saida University","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization"},"alternateName":"ATRAS journal","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization","name":"ATRAS journal","alternateName":"ATRAS is a double-blind, peer-reviewed, and multidisciplinary journal issued by the Faculty of Letters, Languages, and Arts, Saida University","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/logo-512x512-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/logo-512x512-1.png","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"ATRAS journal"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/p\/ATRAS-journal-100083161450894\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/ad5e6fcff0b37638480b00e92868cd64","name":"atras","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"atras"},"url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?author=2"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1210","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1210"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1210\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2638,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1210\/revisions\/2638"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1282"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1210"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1210"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1210"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}