{"id":1300,"date":"2023-01-15T21:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-01-15T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1300"},"modified":"2025-02-01T15:47:26","modified_gmt":"2025-02-01T15:47:26","slug":"inclusiveness-in-indian-graphic-novels-bhimayana-and-kari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1300","title":{"rendered":"Article 07 Issue 01 VOL 4 January 2023"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Title: Inclusiveness in Indian Graphic Novels: Bhimayana and Kari<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Zahra Ahmad<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

M.A. English student, Patna Women\u2019s College (India)<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Abstract<\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Graphic novels employing multimodal semiotic strategies and using verbal and visual mediums are micronarratives. Postmodernism and cultural studies gave rise to several genres focusing on petit narratives. Modern Indian graphic novels depict social issues of marginalization and exploitation, bringing them to the fore. It is simultaneously inclusive of varied themes in their narrative. Bhimayana, a critique of the hidden apartheid movement in India showing the struggles of Dalit icon Ambedkar, also includes as its themes: historical events and legislation, ecocentrism, zoomorphism, current happenings and subversion of Brahmanical hegemony. Similarly, Kari, a queer text showing the struggles and resistance of a lesbian, also includes themes of migration, alienation, ecology, disease, death, capitalist society and subversion of heteronormativity and patriarchy. This paper intends to analyse the themes and narrative techniques of two graphic novels – Bhimayana:  Experiences of Untouchability (2011) by Natarajan et al. and Amruta Patil\u2019s Kari (2008) to show the
inclusiveness of varied issues. The paper also illustrates the social issues that are dealt with. It also demonstrates the purpose of graphic novels to give voice to those at the periphery and to show their resistance to the status quo.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Keywords:<\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

diversity, homosexuality, identity crisis, petit narrative, racism<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

How to Cite this Paper:<\/strong><\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ahmed, Z. (2023). Inclusiveness in Indian Graphic Novels: Bhimayana and Kari. Atras Journal, 4<\/em>(1), 91-100<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

References<\/strong><\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Cambridge University Press. (n.d). Culture. Available at https:\/\/dictionary.cambridge.org\/dictionary\/english\/culture
Christensen, L. L. (2006). Graphic global conflict: Graphic novels in the high school social studies classroom. The Social Studies, 97<\/em>(6), 227\u2013230.
Eisner, W. (2008). Graphic Storytelling and Visual Narrative.<\/em> New York and London: W. W.
Norton.
Fedosova, T. (2015). Reflection of Time in Postmodern Literature. Athens Journal of Philology, 2<\/em>(2), 77-88. DOI: 10.30958\/ajp.2-2-1.
Gupta, N. (2008). Cultural Studies.<\/em> New Delhi: Worldview Publications.
Hescher, A. (2016). Reading Graphic Novels: Genre and Narration.<\/em> Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter. DOI: 10.1515\/9783110445947.
Hutcheon, L. (2004). The Politics of Postmodernism.<\/em> London and New York: Routledge.
Natarajan, S. et al. (2011). Bhimayana: Experiences of Untouchability.<\/em> New Delhi: Navayana.
Nayar, P. K. (2012). Writing Wrongs: The Cultural Construction of Human Rights in India.<\/em> London and New York: Routledge.
Nayar, P. K. (2016). Indian Graphic Novel: Nation, history and critique. London and New<\/em> York: Routledge.
Patil, A. (2020). Kari. Noida: Harper Collins<\/em>. (Original work published 2008)<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Copyright for all articles published in ATRAS <\/strong>belongs to the author. The authors also grant permission to the publisher to publish, reproduce, distribute, and transmit the articles. ATRAS <\/strong>publishes accepted papers under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) License. Authors submitting papers for publication in ATRAS <\/strong>agree to apply the CC BY-NC 4.0 license to their work. For non-commercial purposes, anyone may copy, redistribute material, remix, transform, and construct material in any media or format, provided that the terms of the license are observed and the original source is properly cited.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

diversity, homosexuality, identity crisis, petit narrative, racism<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1282,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[93],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1300","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vol-04-n01-2023"],"gutentor_comment":0,"yoast_head":"\nArticle 07 Issue 01 VOL 4 January 2023 - ATRAS journal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"diversity, homosexuality, identity crisis, petit narrative, racism, diversity, homosexuality, identity crisis, petit narrative, racism\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1300\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" 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