{"id":1377,"date":"2023-07-31T21:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-07-31T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1377"},"modified":"2025-02-01T15:43:44","modified_gmt":"2025-02-01T15:43:44","slug":"on-the-phonemic-status-of-%ce%b5-in-ukwuani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1377","title":{"rendered":"Article 012 Issue 02 VOL 4 January 2023"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Title: On the Phonemic Status of \/\u03b5\/ in Ukwuani<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Franca Okumo<\/strong>
Federal University Otuoke, Bayelsa State, Nigeria<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Abstract<\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

This paper examines the phonemic status of \/\u03b5\/ in Ukwuani, an Igboid language spoken in Delta State, Nigeria. It evaluates whether the sound is a phoneme capable of creating meaningful differences in words or whether it is a variant of another phoneme as the case with other Igbo languages. The study also investigates the distribution of the sound and shows whether there are restrictions to its occurrence. To analyze the data, the Structgenautcy framework by Yul-Ifode, Okumo, and Ezenwafor (2016) was employed using data sourced from competent native speakers through the Ibadan four hundred wordlists. The qualitative method of analysis was adopted in analyzing the data. It was found out that the mid-front unexpanded vowel, \/\u03b5\/, is a phoneme in Ukwuani in contrast with the phoneme \/a\/ and other phonemes. The language has nine vowels divided into two harmonic sets with the \/a\/ occurring with both sets. This is not the case in most other Igbo languages that have an eight vowel system neatly divided into two sets with the exclusion of \/\u03b5\/. Thus, while \/\u03b5\/ is realized as a variant in Igbo, it is a phoneme in Ukwuani contrasting minimally with other phonemes.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Keywords:<\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

contrast, Igboid, phoneme, phonemic status, structgenautcy, Ukwuani<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n

\n
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How to Cite this Paper:<\/strong><\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Okumo, F. (2023). On the Phonemic Status of \/\u03b5\/ in Ukwuani. Atras Journal, 4<\/em>(2), 193-200<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

References<\/strong><\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Armstrong, R.G.(1967). A comparative wordlist of five Igbo dialects. <\/em>Occasional publication, No. 5,<\/a> Institute of African Studies. Ibadan: University of Ibadan.
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             Publishing Book.
Mbah, B. (2003). The Igbo script.<\/em> In Ndime, O.(ed). Languages and Linguistics in Nigeria: a festschrift for Kay Williamson. Aba: National institute of Nigerian languages.
Okumo, F. and Bright-Ajoku, A. (2020). A comparative analysis of tone in Igbo and Ukwuani. Journal of language and linguistics<\/em> (JOLL), 6<\/em> (3),89-105. Awka: Nnamdi Azikiwe University.
Okumo, F. (2015). A phonetic description of Ukwuani vowels. AZILO journal of Humanities   and Social Sciences<\/em>, 1<\/em>, 1-13. Ekpoma: Ambrose Ali University.
Sommestein, A. H. <\/em>(1977). Modern phonology. <\/em>London: ArnoldEdward.
Yul- Ifode(2007). A course in phonology. <\/em>Port Harcourt: Sunray Books Ltd.  <\/em>
Williamson, K. <\/em>(1968). An introduction to Ika and Ukwuani. (ed.). <\/em>Occasional Publication, 14. Institute of African Studies. Ibadan: University of Ibadan. 
Williamson, K. (1989). Niger-Congo overview. <\/em>In Bendor-Samuel and Rhonda, L. Hartell (eds.),         The Niger-Congo languages, <\/em>3-45. U.S.A: University press of America.
Yul-Ifode, S., Okumo, F., & Ezenwafor, A. (2016). Structgenautcy: a theoretical         framework for phonological analysis.<\/em> In multidisciplinary approaches to the study of African Linguistics. A festschrift for Ahmed H. Anfani,<\/em> 277-301. Port Harcourt: University of Port Harcourt press.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Copyright for all articles published in ATRAS <\/strong>belongs to the author. The authors also grant permission to the publisher to publish, reproduce, distribute, and transmit the articles. ATRAS <\/strong>publishes accepted papers under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) License. Authors submitting papers for publication in ATRAS <\/strong>agree to apply the CC BY-NC 4.0 license to their work. For non-commercial purposes, anyone may copy, redistribute material, remix, transform, and construct material in any media or format, provided that the terms of the license are observed and the original source is properly cited.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

contrast, Igboid, phoneme, phonemic status, structgenautcy, Ukwuani<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1282,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[123],"tags":[169,171,170,172,173],"class_list":["post-1377","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vol-04-n02-2023","tag-contrast","tag-igboid","tag-phoneme","tag-phonemic-status","tag-structgenautcy"],"gutentor_comment":0,"yoast_head":"\nArticle 012 Issue 02 VOL 4 January 2023 - ATRAS journal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"contrast, Igboid, phoneme, phonemic status, structgenautcy, Ukwuani contrast, Igboid, phoneme, phonemic status, structgenautcy, Ukwuani\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1377\" 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