{"id":1410,"date":"2023-01-15T21:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-01-15T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410"},"modified":"2025-02-01T15:53:42","modified_gmt":"2025-02-01T15:53:42","slug":"unveiling-the-unspeakable-in-ben-jellouns-translated-novel-laylet-el-qadr","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410","title":{"rendered":"Article 02 Issue 01 VOL 3 January 2022"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Title: Unveiling the Unspeakable in Ben Jelloun\u2019s Translated Novel Laylet el Qadr<\/em><\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nadia GHOUNANE<\/strong>
University of Saida, Dr. Moulay Tahar<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Abstract<\/strong>:<\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Maghrebian Francophone Literature has taken the limelight in investigating sexual themes, although it raises many controversies and criticism. Ben Jelloun is among the authors who tackle the different tabooed subjects existing in their societies including female sexuality, rape, adultery, and homosexuality. In this vein, the rationale of the current research paper is to provide an inkle eye on the use of sexual discourse in Arabic literature in general and Maghrebian Francophone Literature in particular. Ultimately, another concern of this research paper is to uncover the main reasons that led Ben Jelloun to target female sexuality in his novel Laylet el Qadr (The Sacred Night). <\/em>To fulfill this claim, the present research paper provides an in-depth look at the major tabooed topics, language, and its lexis found in the novel under investigation. To this end, the findings proved that Laylet el Qadr <\/em>tackled the subject of gendered identity and sexuality by addressing the topic of female sexuality. The results also demonstrated that the novel is rich in topics that examine androgyny, rape, adultery, and female sexuality. The analysis confirmed that the tabooed vocabulary employed in the novel describes mainly female body parts and sexual intercourse.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Keywords:<\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ben Jelloun\u2019s Laylet el Qadr,<\/em>female sexuality, taboos, Maghrebian Francophone Literature<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

How to Cite this Paper:<\/strong><\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ghounane, N. (2022). Unveiling the Unspeakable in Ben Jelloun\u2019s Translated Novel Laylet el Qadr. Atras Journal, 3<\/em>(1), 19-30<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

References<\/strong><\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ajah, R. O. (2013). Multiples Transgressions: Sexuality and Spiritually of Moroccan Diaspora in the Works of Tahar Ben Jelloun. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 16<\/em>, 26-38.
Ben Jelloun, T. (1987). Laylatu l-qadr<\/em> [The Night of Destiny] (trans. M. Sharghi). Casablanca: Toubqal and Le Seuil.
Brunel, P., & Vion-Dury, J. (2003). Dictionnaire des Mythes Litt\u00e9raires. <\/em>Presses Universitaires de Limoges.
Chapman, R., Ibnlfassi, L., & Offord, M. (2001). Francophone Literatures: A Literary and Linguistic Companion.<\/em> London and New York: Routledge.
D\u00e9trez, C. (2010). Twentieth Century Arab Women Writers and the Paradoxical Subversion of the Orientalist Clith\u00e9. In D. Hosford, & C. J. Wojtkowski, (eds.), French Orientalism: Culture, Politics, and the Imagined Other <\/em>(pp. 201-220). <\/em>Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
Eliade, M. (1965). Le Sacr\u00e9 et le Profane. <\/em>Paris: Gallimard.
Gerstner, D. A. (ed.). (2006). Routledge International Encyclopedia of Queer Culture. <\/em>London and New York: Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group.
Gibbons, C. (2010). Fundamental Violence: Postcolonial Paradoxes in the Fictions of Tahar Ben Jelloun. Canadian Review of Comparative Literature, 37<\/em>, 110-126.
Gikandi, S. (ed.). (2003). Encyclopedia of African Literature. <\/em>London and New York: Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group.
Hamil, M. (2001). Rewriting Identity and History: The Sliding Barre(s) in Tahar Ben Jelloun\u2019s The Sacred Night.<\/em> In M. Mortimer, (ed.), Maghrebian Mosaic: A Literature in Transition <\/em>(pp. 61-80). <\/em>Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc.
Hayes, J. (2000). Queer Nations: Marginal Sexualities in the Maghreb. <\/em>London and Chicago: the University of Chicago Press.
McFadden, C, H., & Teixidor, S, F. (eds.). (2010). Francophone Women between Visibility and Invisibility. <\/em>New York: Peter Lang Publishing, Inc.
Ncube, G. (2014). Writing Queer Desire in the Language of the \u201cOther\u201d: AbdellahTaia and Rachid O. Rupkatha Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities, VI<\/em>, 88-96.
Orlando, V. K. (2009). Francophone Voices of the \u201cNew\u201d Morocco in Film and Print (Re) presenting a Society in Transition. <\/em> Palgrave Macmillan.
Ouzgane, L. (ed.). (2011). Men in African Film and Fiction. <\/em>Boydell and Brewer Ltd.
Schellinger, P. (ed.). (1998). Encyclopedia of the Novel (Vol2). <\/em>London and New York: Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group.
Taylor, K. L. (2007). The Facts on File Companion to the French Novel. <\/em>Facts on File, Inc.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Copyright for all articles published in ATRAS <\/strong>belongs to the author. The authors also grant permission to the publisher to publish, reproduce, distribute, and transmit the articles. ATRAS <\/strong>publishes accepted papers under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) License. Authors submitting papers for publication in ATRAS <\/strong>agree to apply the CC BY-NC 4.0 license to their work. For non-commercial purposes, anyone may copy, redistribute material, remix, transform, and construct material in any media or format, provided that the terms of the license are observed and the original source is properly cited.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ben Jelloun\u2019s Laylet el Qadr, female sexuality, taboos, Maghrebian Francophone Literature<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1282,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[186],"tags":[193,194,192],"class_list":["post-1410","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vol-03-n01-2022","tag-ben-jellouns-laylet-el-qadr","tag-female-sexuality","tag-taboos"],"gutentor_comment":0,"yoast_head":"\nArticle 02 Issue 01 VOL 3 January 2022 - ATRAS journal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ben Jelloun\u2019s Laylet el Qadr, female sexuality, taboos, Maghrebian Francophone Literature Unveiling the Unspeakable in Ben Jelloun\u2019s Translated Novel Laylet el Qadr, Ben Jelloun\u2019s Laylet el Qadr, female sexuality, taboos, Maghrebian Francophone Literature\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Unveiling the Unspeakable in Ben Jelloun\u2019s Translated Novel Laylet el Qadr\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ben Jelloun\u2019s Laylet el Qadr, female sexuality, taboos, Maghrebian Francophone Literature\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ATRAS journal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/p\/ATRAS-journal-100083161450894\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-01-15T21:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-02-01T15:53:42+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"atras\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Unveiling the Unspeakable in Ben Jelloun\u2019s Translated Novel Laylet el Qadr\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"Ben Jelloun\u2019s Laylet el Qadr, female sexuality, taboos, Maghrebian Francophone Literature\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"atras\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"atras\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/ad5e6fcff0b37638480b00e92868cd64\"},\"headline\":\"Article 02 Issue 01 VOL 3 January 2022\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-01-15T21:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-02-01T15:53:42+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410\"},\"wordCount\":693,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png\",\"keywords\":[\"Ben Jelloun\u2019s Laylet el Qadr\",\"female sexuality\",\"taboos\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Vol 03 N01 2022\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410\",\"name\":\"Article 02 Issue 01 VOL 3 January 2022 - ATRAS journal\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-01-15T21:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-02-01T15:53:42+00:00\",\"description\":\"Ben Jelloun\u2019s Laylet el Qadr, female sexuality, taboos, Maghrebian Francophone Literature Unveiling the Unspeakable in Ben Jelloun\u2019s Translated Novel Laylet el Qadr, Ben Jelloun\u2019s Laylet el Qadr, female sexuality, taboos, Maghrebian Francophone Literature\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png\",\"width\":300,\"height\":300,\"caption\":\"created by mebarki merouane ATRAS journal\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Article 02 Issue 01 VOL 3 January 2022\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/\",\"name\":\"ATRAS journal\",\"description\":\"ATRAS is a double-blind, peer-reviewed, and multidisciplinary journal issued by the Faculty of Letters, Languages, and Arts, Saida University\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"ATRAS journal\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization\",\"name\":\"ATRAS journal\",\"alternateName\":\"ATRAS is a double-blind, peer-reviewed, and multidisciplinary journal issued by the Faculty of Letters, Languages, and Arts, Saida University\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/logo-512x512-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/logo-512x512-1.png\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"ATRAS journal\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/p\/ATRAS-journal-100083161450894\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/ad5e6fcff0b37638480b00e92868cd64\",\"name\":\"atras\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"atras\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?author=2\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Article 02 Issue 01 VOL 3 January 2022 - ATRAS journal","description":"Ben Jelloun\u2019s Laylet el Qadr, female sexuality, taboos, Maghrebian Francophone Literature Unveiling the Unspeakable in Ben Jelloun\u2019s Translated Novel Laylet el Qadr, Ben Jelloun\u2019s Laylet el Qadr, female sexuality, taboos, Maghrebian Francophone Literature","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Unveiling the Unspeakable in Ben Jelloun\u2019s Translated Novel Laylet el Qadr","og_description":"Ben Jelloun\u2019s Laylet el Qadr, female sexuality, taboos, Maghrebian Francophone Literature","og_url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410","og_site_name":"ATRAS journal","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/p\/ATRAS-journal-100083161450894\/","article_published_time":"2023-01-15T21:00:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-02-01T15:53:42+00:00","og_image":[{"width":300,"height":300,"url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"atras","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_title":"Unveiling the Unspeakable in Ben Jelloun\u2019s Translated Novel Laylet el Qadr","twitter_description":"Ben Jelloun\u2019s Laylet el Qadr, female sexuality, taboos, Maghrebian Francophone Literature","twitter_image":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"atras","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410"},"author":{"name":"atras","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/ad5e6fcff0b37638480b00e92868cd64"},"headline":"Article 02 Issue 01 VOL 3 January 2022","datePublished":"2023-01-15T21:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-02-01T15:53:42+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410"},"wordCount":693,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png","keywords":["Ben Jelloun\u2019s Laylet el Qadr","female sexuality","taboos"],"articleSection":["Vol 03 N01 2022"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410","name":"Article 02 Issue 01 VOL 3 January 2022 - ATRAS journal","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png","datePublished":"2023-01-15T21:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-02-01T15:53:42+00:00","description":"Ben Jelloun\u2019s Laylet el Qadr, female sexuality, taboos, Maghrebian Francophone Literature Unveiling the Unspeakable in Ben Jelloun\u2019s Translated Novel Laylet el Qadr, Ben Jelloun\u2019s Laylet el Qadr, female sexuality, taboos, Maghrebian Francophone Literature","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png","width":300,"height":300,"caption":"created by mebarki merouane ATRAS journal"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1410#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Article 02 Issue 01 VOL 3 January 2022"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/","name":"ATRAS journal","description":"ATRAS is a double-blind, peer-reviewed, and multidisciplinary journal issued by the Faculty of Letters, Languages, and Arts, Saida University","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization"},"alternateName":"ATRAS journal","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization","name":"ATRAS journal","alternateName":"ATRAS is a double-blind, peer-reviewed, and multidisciplinary journal issued by the Faculty of Letters, Languages, and Arts, Saida University","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/logo-512x512-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/logo-512x512-1.png","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"ATRAS journal"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/p\/ATRAS-journal-100083161450894\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/ad5e6fcff0b37638480b00e92868cd64","name":"atras","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"atras"},"url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?author=2"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1410","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1410"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1410\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2685,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1410\/revisions\/2685"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1282"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1410"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1410"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1410"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}