{"id":1728,"date":"2019-12-31T21:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-31T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1728"},"modified":"2025-02-01T16:50:46","modified_gmt":"2025-02-01T16:50:46","slug":"article-06-issue-01-vol-01-january-2020","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1728","title":{"rendered":"Article 05 Issue 01 VOL 00 December 2019"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"section-g8328cf\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g8328cf gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-center-desktop text-align-center-tablet text-align-center-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><h1 class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong>Title:&nbsp;<\/strong><br><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-gaed73f\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-gaed73f gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-center-desktop text-align-center-tablet text-align-center-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong>&nbsp;\u0623. \u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0641<\/strong><br><strong>&nbsp;\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647&nbsp;<\/strong><br><strong>\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0637\u0645\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/strong><br><strong>\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0629 01\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-ge0319c\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-ge0319c gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-left-desktop text-align-left-tablet text-align-left-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><h1 class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g0b0381\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g0b0381 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-right-desktop text-align-right-tablet text-align-right-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\"><bdo lang=\"&quot;ar&quot;\" dir=\"rtl\"><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/strong>\u0633\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0647\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644.<\/bdo><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g322ffe\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g322ffe gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-left-desktop text-align-left-tablet text-align-left-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><h1 class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong>Keywords:<\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g9557b3\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g9557b3 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-right-desktop text-align-right-tablet text-align-right-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1D2AirPci3ma4YirgSaLGkcHv3OeR8Mmj\/view?usp=sharing\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"278\" src=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1136\" style=\"width:183px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-2.png 1000w, https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-2-300x83.png 300w, https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-2-768x214.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div id=\"section-gce9feb\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-gce9feb gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-left-desktop text-align-left-tablet text-align-left-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><h1 class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong><strong>How to Cite this Paper:<\/strong><\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g9bf46a\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g9bf46a gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-right-desktop text-align-right-tablet text-align-right-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong>\u0628\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0646\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u0637\u0645\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0646. (2019). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0633\u060c<\/em> <em>1<\/em>(1)\u060c 80-89<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-gceea86\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-gceea86 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-left-desktop text-align-left-tablet text-align-left-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><h1 class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong><strong>References<\/strong><\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-gf8d31c\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-gf8d31c gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-right-desktop text-align-right-tablet text-align-right-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\">\u0643\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0631(1983). \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 200 \u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629. \u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629. \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0647\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\/ \u0645\u0635\u0631: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g216077\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g216077 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-justify-desktop text-align-justify-tablet text-align-justify-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\">Peirce. Ch. S (1931-1935). The Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce, Vols.1-6, Cambridge. MA. Harvard University Press: Hartshorne. Ch &nbsp; &amp; Weiss. P.&nbsp;<br>Volume 1.&nbsp; Principles of Philosophy.<br>Volume 2.&nbsp; Elements of logic.<br>Volume 3.&nbsp; Exact logic (Published Papers).<br>Volume 4.&nbsp; The simplest mathematics.<br>&nbsp;Volume 5. Pragmatisme and pragmaticisme.<br>Volume 6. Scientific metaphysics<em>.<\/em><br>Peirce. Ch. S (2002). Pragmatisme et Pragmaticisme, \u0152uvres philosophiques, vol. I, tr. Tiercelin. Cl&nbsp; &amp; Thibaud. P, Paris: Du&nbsp; Cerf.<br>Chenu. J(1984), Textes Anticart\u00e9siens, Paris: Aubier Montaigne.<br>Peirce. Ch. S(1978). Ecrits sur le Signe, tr. Deledalle. G, Paris: Du Seuil.<br>Peirce. Ch. S., The Logic of 1873, VII. 321,&nbsp; in. Habermas. J (1976), Connaissance et int\u00e9r\u00eat, Paris: Gallimard.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"145\" height=\"50\" src=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2538\" style=\"width:119px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g-6264hl4\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g-6264hl4 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-justify-desktop\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\">Copyright for all articles published in&nbsp;<strong>ATRAS&nbsp;<\/strong>belongs to the author. The authors also grant permission to the publisher to publish, reproduce, distribute, and transmit the articles.&nbsp;<strong>ATRAS&nbsp;<\/strong>publishes accepted papers under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) License. Authors submitting papers for publication in&nbsp;<strong>ATRAS&nbsp;<\/strong>agree to apply the CC BY-NC 4.0 license to their work. For non-commercial purposes, anyone may copy, redistribute material, remix, transform, and construct material in any media or format, provided that the terms of the license are observed and the original source is properly cited.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1282,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[405],"tags":[247],"class_list":["post-1728","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vol-00-n01-2019","tag-247"],"gutentor_comment":0,"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Article 05 Issue 01 VOL 00 December 2019 - ATRAS journal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1728\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Article 05 Issue 01 VOL 00 December 2019 - ATRAS journal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1728\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ATRAS journal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/p\/ATRAS-journal-100083161450894\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-12-31T21:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-02-01T16:50:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"atras\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"atras\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=1728#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=1728\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"atras\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ad5e6fcff0b37638480b00e92868cd64\"},\"headline\":\"Article 05 Issue 01 VOL 00 December 2019\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-12-31T21:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-02-01T16:50:46+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=1728\"},\"wordCount\":232,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=1728#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png\",\"keywords\":[\"\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Vol 00 N01 2019\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=1728\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=1728\",\"name\":\"Article 05 Issue 01 VOL 00 December 2019 - ATRAS journal\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=1728#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=1728#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-12-31T21:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-02-01T16:50:46+00:00\",\"description\":\"\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=1728#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=1728\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=1728#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png\",\"width\":300,\"height\":300,\"caption\":\"created by mebarki merouane ATRAS journal\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=1728#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Article 05 Issue 01 VOL 00 December 2019\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"ATRAS journal\",\"description\":\"ATRAS is a double-blind, peer-reviewed, and multidisciplinary journal issued by the Faculty of Letters, Languages, and Arts, Saida University\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"ATRAS journal\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"ATRAS journal\",\"alternateName\":\"ATRAS is a double-blind, peer-reviewed, and multidisciplinary journal issued by the Faculty of Letters, Languages, and Arts, Saida University\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/logo-512x512-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/logo-512x512-1.png\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"ATRAS journal\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/p\\\/ATRAS-journal-100083161450894\\\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ad5e6fcff0b37638480b00e92868cd64\",\"name\":\"atras\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"atras\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?author=2\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Article 05 Issue 01 VOL 00 December 2019 - ATRAS journal","description":"\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1728","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Article 05 Issue 01 VOL 00 December 2019 - ATRAS journal","og_description":"\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.","og_url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1728","og_site_name":"ATRAS journal","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/p\/ATRAS-journal-100083161450894\/","article_published_time":"2019-12-31T21:00:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-02-01T16:50:46+00:00","og_image":[{"width":300,"height":300,"url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"atras","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"atras","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1728#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1728"},"author":{"name":"atras","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/ad5e6fcff0b37638480b00e92868cd64"},"headline":"Article 05 Issue 01 VOL 00 December 2019","datePublished":"2019-12-31T21:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-02-01T16:50:46+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1728"},"wordCount":232,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1728#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png","keywords":["\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b."],"articleSection":["Vol 00 N01 2019"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1728","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1728","name":"Article 05 Issue 01 VOL 00 December 2019 - ATRAS journal","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1728#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1728#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png","datePublished":"2019-12-31T21:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-02-01T16:50:46+00:00","description":"\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1728#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1728"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1728#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-02-300x300-1.png","width":300,"height":300,"caption":"created by mebarki merouane ATRAS journal"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1728#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Article 05 Issue 01 VOL 00 December 2019"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/","name":"ATRAS journal","description":"ATRAS is a double-blind, peer-reviewed, and multidisciplinary journal issued by the Faculty of Letters, Languages, and Arts, Saida University","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization"},"alternateName":"ATRAS journal","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization","name":"ATRAS journal","alternateName":"ATRAS is a double-blind, peer-reviewed, and multidisciplinary journal issued by the Faculty of Letters, Languages, and Arts, Saida University","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/logo-512x512-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/logo-512x512-1.png","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"ATRAS journal"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/p\/ATRAS-journal-100083161450894\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/ad5e6fcff0b37638480b00e92868cd64","name":"atras","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"atras"},"url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?author=2"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1728","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1728"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1728\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2726,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1728\/revisions\/2726"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1282"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1728"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1728"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1728"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}