{"id":1736,"date":"2019-12-15T21:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-15T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1736"},"modified":"2025-02-01T16:50:28","modified_gmt":"2025-02-01T16:50:28","slug":"%d8%a8%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b2%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b0%d8%a7%d9%83-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%86%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%84%d9%80-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%a8%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1736","title":{"rendered":"Article 03 Issue 01 VOL 00 December 2019"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Title: <\/strong>
\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0640.”\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0626\u062d”<\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u062f.\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0633\u0644\u064a   
\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627
\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u2013 \u062f. \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0627\u0647\u0631<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Abstract<\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u0646\u0635\u0651 “\u0630\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0646” \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0626\u062d\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u062b\u061b \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0651\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0647 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0651\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0645\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0651\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0635\u0651\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0630\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628.<\/strong>
\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u061f.<\/strong><\/bdo><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Keywords:<\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

How to Cite this Paper:<\/strong><\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0639.\u0633. (2019). \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0640.”\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0626\u062d”. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0633<\/em>\u060c 1(1)\u060c 52-64<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

References<\/strong><\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u0648\u064a\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u064a\u0631.(2001\/2002). \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0651. \u062f.\u0637. \u062c1. \u0648\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\/ \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639. 
 \u0628\u0648\u064a\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u064a\u0631 (2001\/2002). \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0651. \u062f.\u0637. \u062c2. \u0648\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\/\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639. 
 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0646. (2009). \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u06372. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.
\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u062f. (1986). \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647. \u062f.\u0637. \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628.
\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c \u0634\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631. (1980). \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0629 -\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u06371. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\/ \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0634\u0631.
\u064a\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f. (1997). \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0626\u064a\u0631). \u06373. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\/\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.
\u064a\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f. (1985). \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629. \u06371. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629.
\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643. (\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1998). \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u2013\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f-\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 240. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628.
\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643. (1992). \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a  \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631: \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629. 
\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628. (1997). \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 “\u0630\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0646”. \u06371. \u0648\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\/ \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 CMM.
\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645. (1996). \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0631\u062f- \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u062f.\u0637. \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\/ \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639.
\u062a\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u062f. (2000\u0645). \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0640 “\u0633\u064a\u0632\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645” . \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a. \u064501 (\u06395). \u0642\u0633\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Copyright for all articles published in ATRAS <\/strong>belongs to the author. The authors also grant permission to the publisher to publish, reproduce, distribute, and transmit the articles. ATRAS <\/strong>publishes accepted papers under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) License. Authors submitting papers for publication in ATRAS <\/strong>agree to apply the CC BY-NC 4.0 license to their work. For non-commercial purposes, anyone may copy, redistribute material, remix, transform, and construct material in any media or format, provided that the terms of the license are observed and the original source is properly cited.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1282,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[405],"tags":[245],"class_list":["post-1736","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vol-00-n01-2019","tag-245"],"gutentor_comment":0,"yoast_head":"\nArticle 03 Issue 01 VOL 00 December 2019 - ATRAS journal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u060c 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