{"id":1925,"date":"2024-07-15T20:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-07-15T20:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925"},"modified":"2025-12-15T19:15:24","modified_gmt":"2025-12-15T19:15:24","slug":"article-24-issue-02-vol-5-july-2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925","title":{"rendered":"Article 24 Issue 02 VOL 5 July 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Title:<\/strong> L\u2019int\u00e9gration de la dimension interculturelle dans le processus enseignement\/apprentissage du FLE dans le contexte alg\u00e9rien  <\/strong>
(Cas de la wilaya de Saida)<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Amina BERREZOUG
Universit\u00e9 de Mostaganem, Alg\u00e9rie<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Abdelhamid KRIDECH
Universit\u00e9 de Mostaganem, Alg\u00e9rie<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Abstract<\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Dans le monde d\u2019aujourd\u2019hui, il est imp\u00e9ratif de favoriser les \u00e9changes culturels entre les diff\u00e9rentes soci\u00e9t\u00e9s. Ces interactions interculturelles sont essentielles pour \u00e9largir nos perspectives et embrasser les langues et les cultures qui les accompagnent. Dans notre soci\u00e9t\u00e9 complexe et diversifi\u00e9e, les r\u00e9alisations individuelles sont \u00e9troitement li\u00e9es \u00e0 la capacit\u00e9 de chacun \u00e0 s\u2019assimiler \u00e0 une communaut\u00e9 multilingue et multiculturelle. L’enseignement des langues \u00e9trang\u00e8res en Alg\u00e9rie requiert l’acquisition d’une nouvelle aptitude: la comp\u00e9tence interculturelle. Cette comp\u00e9tence essentielle, indispensable pour man\u0153uvrer dans un monde interconnect\u00e9, doit \u00eatre int\u00e9gr\u00e9e en toute transparence dans l’enseignement et l’acquisition du FLE. En adoptant le principe de l\u2019ouverture aux cultures du monde en classe de FLF, nous pouvons am\u00e9liorer la mani\u00e8re dont le fran\u00e7ais est enseign\u00e9 et appris en Alg\u00e9rie, en pr\u00e9parant les apprenants \u00e0 s\u2019engager de mani\u00e8re \u00e9clair\u00e9e et respectueuse dans un environnement linguistique et culturel diversifi\u00e9.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Keywords:<\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

approche interculturelle, comp\u00e9tences, didactique du FLE, enseignement-apprentissage<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

How to Cite this Paper:<\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Berrezoug, A., & Kridech, A. (2024). L\u2019int\u00e9gration de la dimension interculturelle dans le processus enseignement\/apprentissage du FLE dans le contexte alg\u00e9rien  (Cas de la wilaya de Saida). Revue Atras, 5<\/em>(2), 308-323<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

DOI: 
https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70091\/Atras\/vol05no2.24<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

References<\/strong><\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Abdallah-Pretceille, M. (1996). Vers une p\u00e9dagogie interculturelle<\/em>. Paris: Anthropos. (Premi\u00e8re \u00e9dition 1986, Paris : \u00c9ditions de la Sorbonne)
Abelson, P. (1963).Qu\u2019est ce que l\u2019intelligence \u00e9motionnelle ? <\/em>https:\/\/fr.linkedin.com\/pulse\/quest-ce-que-lintelligence-emotionnelle-marc-monteil<\/a>
Audet, G. (2007). Une alt\u00e9rit\u00e9 en acte<\/em>. Document in\u00e9dit. Consult\u00e9 \u00e0 partir http:\/\/www.recitdepratique.fse.ulaval.ca<\/a>
Blanchet, Ph., & Coste, D. (2010). Regards critiques sur la notion d\u2019\u00ab interculturalit\u00e9 \u00bb. Pour une didactique de la pluralit\u00e9 linguistique et culturelle. <\/em>Paris, L\u201fHarmattan.   
Cuq, J. P. (2003). Dictionnaire de didactique du fran\u00e7ais langue \u00e9trang\u00e8re et seconde.<\/em> Cl\u00e9 international, Paris
Cuq, J. P., & Gruca, I. (2002).Cours de didactique du fran\u00e7ais langue \u00e9trang\u00e8re et seconde.<\/em> Presses Universitaires de Grenoble, Grenoble
De Carlo, M. (1998). L\u2019interculturel<\/em>. Cl\u00e9 international, Paris.
Demorgon, J. (1989). L\u2019exploration interculturelle pour une p\u00e9dagogie internationale.<\/em> Armand Colin, Paris.
 Derrida J.( 1967). L\u2019\u00e9criture et la diff\u00e9rence<\/em>, Paris, Seuil.
Durand, C., & Nguyen, H. (2021). Formation des enseignants de FLE \u00e0 l’interculturalit\u00e9 : enjeux et perspectives. Langues et \u00c9ducation, 14<\/em>(2), 30-47.
Galisson, R., & Puren, C. (1999). La formation en question.<\/em> Cl\u00e9 international, Paris.
Garcia, A., & Dupont, E. (2021). Interculturalit\u00e9 et enseignement du fran\u00e7ais langue \u00e9trang\u00e8re : pratiques et enjeux contemporains. Langues et Cultures, 27<\/em>(2), 45-62.
Hamidou, N. (2014). La dimension interculturelle dans l\u2019enseignement\/apprentissage du fran\u00e7ais en Alg\u00e9rie entre repr\u00e9sentations et connaissances culturelles. Multilinguales, 3,<\/em> 125-138.
la pluralit\u00e9 linguistique et culturelle, Paris, L\u201fHarmattan.
 LEVI-Strauss, C. (1987). Race et Histoire.<\/em> Gallimard, Paris.
Martin, J., & Wang, L. (2023). Impact de la dimension interculturelle sur la motivation des apprenants de FLE : une \u00e9tude longitudinale. Studies in French Linguistics, 29<\/em>(4), 201-218.
Puren, C. (2008).De l\u2019approche communicative \u00e0 la perspective actionnelle, et de l\u2019interculturel au co-culturel<\/em>. www.christianpuren.com\/mes-travaux-liste-et-liens\/208e\/
Puren, C.  (2013). La Comp\u00e9tence Culturelle et ses Composantes.<\/em>https:\/\/lewebpedagogique.com\/alterite\/files\/2015\/10\/PUREN_2013c_Comp%C3%A9tence_culturelle_composantes.pdf<\/a>
Silenceonlit. (2022). Bienfaits de la lecture : lecture et culture. <\/em>https:\/\/www.silenceonlit.com\/lecture-et-culture<\/a>
Viau, R. (1994).La motivation en contexte scolaire.<\/em> Editions du Renouveau P\u00e9dagogique Inc., Saint Laurent.
Zhang, Y., & Leclerc, M. (2020). Analyse comparative des approches interculturelles en classe de FLE : vers une p\u00e9dagogie plus inclusive. Recherches en Didactique des Langues et des Cultures, 17<\/em>(1), 112-129.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Copyright for all articles published in ATRAS <\/strong>belongs to the author. The authors also grant permission to the publisher to publish, reproduce, distribute, and transmit the articles. ATRAS <\/strong>publishes accepted papers under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) License. Authors submitting papers for publication in ATRAS <\/strong>agree to apply the CC BY-NC 4.0 license to their work. For non-commercial purposes, anyone may copy, redistribute material, remix, transform, and construct material in any media or format, provided that the terms of the license are observed and the original source is properly cited.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

approche interculturelle, comp\u00e9tences, didactique du FLE, enseignement-apprentissage<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1281,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[273],"tags":[369,370,371,372],"class_list":["post-1925","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vol-05-n02-2024","tag-approche-interculturelle","tag-competences","tag-didactique-du-fle","tag-enseignement-apprentissage-2"],"gutentor_comment":0,"yoast_head":"\nArticle 24 Issue 02 VOL 5 July 2024 - ATRAS journal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"approche interculturelle, comp\u00e9tences, didactique du FLE, enseignement-apprentissage approche interculturelle, comp\u00e9tences, didactique du FLE, enseignement-apprentissage\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L\u2019int\u00e9gration de la dimension interculturelle dans le processus enseignement\/apprentissage du FLE dans le contexte alg\u00e9rien (Cas de la wilaya de Saida)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"approche interculturelle, comp\u00e9tences, didactique du FLE, enseignement-apprentissage\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ATRAS journal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/p\/ATRAS-journal-100083161450894\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-07-15T20:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-12-15T19:15:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-01-300x300-1.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"atras\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"L\u2019int\u00e9gration de la dimension interculturelle dans le processus enseignement\/apprentissage du FLE dans le contexte alg\u00e9rien (Cas de la wilaya de Saida)\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"approche interculturelle, comp\u00e9tences, didactique du FLE, enseignement-apprentissage\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-01-300x300-1.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"atras\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"atras\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/ad5e6fcff0b37638480b00e92868cd64\"},\"headline\":\"Article 24 Issue 02 VOL 5 July 2024\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-07-15T20:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-12-15T19:15:24+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925\"},\"wordCount\":738,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-01-300x300-1.png\",\"keywords\":[\"approche interculturelle\",\"comp\u00e9tences\",\"didactique du FLE\",\"enseignement-apprentissage\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Vol 05 N02 2024\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925\",\"name\":\"Article 24 Issue 02 VOL 5 July 2024 - ATRAS journal\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-01-300x300-1.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-07-15T20:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-12-15T19:15:24+00:00\",\"description\":\"approche interculturelle, comp\u00e9tences, didactique du FLE, enseignement-apprentissage approche interculturelle, comp\u00e9tences, didactique du FLE, enseignement-apprentissage\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-01-300x300-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-01-300x300-1.png\",\"width\":300,\"height\":300,\"caption\":\"created by mebarki merouane ATRAS journal\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Article 24 Issue 02 VOL 5 July 2024\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/\",\"name\":\"ATRAS journal\",\"description\":\"ATRAS is a double-blind, peer-reviewed, and multidisciplinary journal issued by the Faculty of Letters, Languages, and Arts, Saida University\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"ATRAS journal\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization\",\"name\":\"ATRAS journal\",\"alternateName\":\"ATRAS is a double-blind, peer-reviewed, and multidisciplinary journal issued by the Faculty of Letters, Languages, and Arts, Saida University\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/logo-512x512-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/logo-512x512-1.png\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"ATRAS journal\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/p\/ATRAS-journal-100083161450894\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/ad5e6fcff0b37638480b00e92868cd64\",\"name\":\"atras\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"atras\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?author=2\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Article 24 Issue 02 VOL 5 July 2024 - ATRAS journal","description":"approche interculturelle, comp\u00e9tences, didactique du FLE, enseignement-apprentissage approche interculturelle, comp\u00e9tences, didactique du FLE, enseignement-apprentissage","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"L\u2019int\u00e9gration de la dimension interculturelle dans le processus enseignement\/apprentissage du FLE dans le contexte alg\u00e9rien (Cas de la wilaya de Saida)","og_description":"approche interculturelle, comp\u00e9tences, didactique du FLE, enseignement-apprentissage","og_url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925","og_site_name":"ATRAS journal","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/p\/ATRAS-journal-100083161450894\/","article_published_time":"2024-07-15T20:00:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-12-15T19:15:24+00:00","og_image":[{"width":300,"height":300,"url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-01-300x300-1.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"atras","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_title":"L\u2019int\u00e9gration de la dimension interculturelle dans le processus enseignement\/apprentissage du FLE dans le contexte alg\u00e9rien (Cas de la wilaya de Saida)","twitter_description":"approche interculturelle, comp\u00e9tences, didactique du FLE, enseignement-apprentissage","twitter_image":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-01-300x300-1.png","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"atras","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925"},"author":{"name":"atras","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/ad5e6fcff0b37638480b00e92868cd64"},"headline":"Article 24 Issue 02 VOL 5 July 2024","datePublished":"2024-07-15T20:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-12-15T19:15:24+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925"},"wordCount":738,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-01-300x300-1.png","keywords":["approche interculturelle","comp\u00e9tences","didactique du FLE","enseignement-apprentissage"],"articleSection":["Vol 05 N02 2024"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925","name":"Article 24 Issue 02 VOL 5 July 2024 - ATRAS journal","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-01-300x300-1.png","datePublished":"2024-07-15T20:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-12-15T19:15:24+00:00","description":"approche interculturelle, comp\u00e9tences, didactique du FLE, enseignement-apprentissage approche interculturelle, comp\u00e9tences, didactique du FLE, enseignement-apprentissage","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-01-300x300-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/plume-article-01-300x300-1.png","width":300,"height":300,"caption":"created by mebarki merouane ATRAS journal"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=1925#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Article 24 Issue 02 VOL 5 July 2024"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/","name":"ATRAS journal","description":"ATRAS is a double-blind, peer-reviewed, and multidisciplinary journal issued by the Faculty of Letters, Languages, and Arts, Saida University","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization"},"alternateName":"ATRAS journal","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization","name":"ATRAS journal","alternateName":"ATRAS is a double-blind, peer-reviewed, and multidisciplinary journal issued by the Faculty of Letters, Languages, and Arts, Saida University","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/logo-512x512-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/logo-512x512-1.png","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"ATRAS journal"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/p\/ATRAS-journal-100083161450894\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/ad5e6fcff0b37638480b00e92868cd64","name":"atras","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"atras"},"url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?author=2"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1925","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1925"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1925\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2621,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1925\/revisions\/2621"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1281"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1925"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1925"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1925"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}