{"id":3461,"date":"2025-07-15T20:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-07-15T20:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3461"},"modified":"2025-12-10T19:03:05","modified_gmt":"2025-12-10T19:03:05","slug":"article-12-issue-02-vol-6-july-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3461","title":{"rendered":"Article 12 Issue 02 vol 6 July 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Title: Depiction of Class Conflicts and their Resolutions in Tanzanian Young Adult Novels<\/strong><\/h2><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

John Peter MADOSHI\u00a0
Department of Foreign Languages and Literature, University of Dodoma, Tanzania
doshijope@yahoo.com\u00a0\u00a0
https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8129-8782<\/a><\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Abstract<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

This study examined class conflicts as highlighted in selected Tanzanian young adult novels. Significantly, the study sought to generate some knowledge on class conflicts revealed in selected young adult novels in the Tanzanian society. The study has used Marxist social critical theory. We have examined qualitatively class conflicts as phenomena occurring in the novels. We argue that disability, as depicted in some literary works, is a social construct intensified by capitalism. We also observed that a lack of knowledge on albinism places people with skin conditions into a class that conflicts with society. We also found that as a class of young adults grows, they are in a race to run towards what they will be. Parents have the role of encouraging them to win the race. They are not supposed to be obstacles to their running. We further observed that the selected young adult novels show class conflicts that involve different perceptions on the issues of sex and love. Finally, we see that street children are a class of people in Tanzanian society, which reveals a conflict between young adults in well-to-do families and low-income families.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Keywords:<\/strong> Classes, conflicts, novels, Tanzania, young adult<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

How to Cite this Paper :<\/strong><\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Madoshi, J. P. (2025). Depiction of Class Conflicts and their Resolutions in Tanzanian Young Adult Novels. Atras Journal<\/em>, 6<\/em> (2), 191-201.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

DOI:\u00a0
<\/a>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70091\/Atras\/vol06no02.12<\/a><\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

References<\/strong>:<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Akide, W (2013) Maliyamungu\u2019s Escape<\/em>. Dar es Salaam: Oxford University Press (T) Ltd.
Amin, M. (2005). Social Science Research: Concept, Methodology & Analysis.<\/em> Kampala: Makerere University.
Benelli, N et al. (2023). From disabled people\u2019s right to work to the duty to work? Changes in Swiss disability policy and its implementation at the cantonal level.\u00a0Social Work & Society<\/em>,\u00a021<\/em>(1) 1-18.
\u00a0Burke,J. et al.\u00a0(2014). Media Analysis of Albino Killings in Tanzania: A Social Work and Human Rights Perspective.\u00a0Ethics and Social Welfare<\/em>,\u00a08<\/em> (2),\u00a0117-134.
Glesne, C. (2006). Becoming qualitative researchers: An introduction<\/em>. Boston, MA: Pearson.
Hunt, T. (2023). The Social Criticism of T.S, Eliot: Conservative, Classist, Catholic and European,<\/em> (Unpublished Doctoral dissertation). University of Oxford, UK.
Ismail, N. (2011). Living in the Shade<\/em>. Dar es Salaam: MkukinaNyota.
Jean, A.\u00a0(2017). Education, Administration, and Class Struggle at the Museum of Modern Art, 1937-1969.\u00a0Studies in Art Education,<\/em>\u00a058<\/em>(1),\u00a017-27.
Lema, E. (2015). In the Belly of Dar es Salaam<\/em>. Dar es Salaam: E&D Vision Publishing.
Mabala, R. (2013). Run Free<\/em>. Dar es Salaam: E&D Vision Publishing.
Mbatha, M.(2021).Trafficking In Persons Living With Albinism In South Africa.<\/em> Master of LawDissertation University of Kwazulu-Natal.
Michaela, C.\u00a0et al The impact of stress on students in secondary school and higher education.\u00a0International Journal of Adolescence and Youth<\/em>,\u00a025 (1)\u00a0104-112,\u00a02020.
Mutmainah, S. et al. (2024).Social Criticism Based on Character Paradigm: the use of Literature in Indonesia companion Books. Proceedings of International Conference on Science and Technology for Internet of Things, 1 <\/em>(1) 143-16.
Mwamgwirani, J. (2011). The Choice<\/em>. Dar es Salaam: MkukinaNyota.
Mwaifuge, E.S. (2009). Ideology and Creative: A Study of Tanzania Prose Fiction in English<\/em>(Unpublished Doctoral dissertation). University of Dar es Salaam.
Ng\u2019umbi, Y. (2011). The influence of Christianity on themes and Characterization in Ndunguru’sA Wreath for Fr.Mayer of Masasi<\/em> and Divine Providence<\/em>(Unpublished Master\u2019s thesis). University of Dar es Salaam.
Suharjanto, S (2024). Approaches to Literary Criticism<\/em>. Yogykarta: Sanata Dharma University Press.
Thomas, P. (2005). Disability, poverty and the millennium development goals: Relevance, challenges and opportunities for DFID.Knowledge and Research<\/em>, (1) 1-31.
Wakota, J. (2008).The Portrayal of Female Characters in Selected Novels of Prince Kagwema <\/em>(Unpublished Master\u2019s thesis). University of Dar es Salaam.
Wakota, J. (2014). The Making and Remaking of Gender Relations in Tanzanian Fiction <\/em>(Unpublished Doctoral dissertation).Stellenbosch University.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Copyright for all articles published in ATRAS <\/strong>belongs to the author. The authors also grant permission to the publisher to publish, reproduce, distribute, and transmit the articles. ATRAS <\/strong>publishes accepted papers under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) License. Authors submitting papers for publication in ATRAS <\/strong>agree to apply the CC BY-NC 4.0 license to their work. For non-commercial purposes, anyone may copy, redistribute material, remix, transform, and construct material in any media or format, provided that the terms of the license are observed and the original source is properly cited.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Classes, conflicts, novels, Tanzania, young adult<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[846],"tags":[894,895,896,897,898],"class_list":["post-3461","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-vol-06-n02-2025","tag-classes","tag-conflicts","tag-novels","tag-tanzania","tag-young-adult"],"gutentor_comment":0,"yoast_head":"\nArticle 12 Issue 02 vol 6 July 2025 - ATRAS journal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Classes, conflicts, novels, Tanzania, young adult\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3461\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Article 12 Issue 02 vol 6 July 2025\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Classes, conflicts, novels, Tanzania, young adult\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3461\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ATRAS journal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/p\/ATRAS-journal-100083161450894\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-07-15T20:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-12-10T19:03:05+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-2.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"278\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"atras\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Article 12 Issue 02 vol 6 July 2025\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"Classes, conflicts, novels, Tanzania, young adult\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"atras\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=3461#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=3461\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"atras\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ad5e6fcff0b37638480b00e92868cd64\"},\"headline\":\"Article 12 Issue 02 vol 6 July 2025\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-07-15T20:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-12-10T19:03:05+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=3461\"},\"wordCount\":734,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=3461#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/image-2.png\",\"keywords\":[\"Classes\",\"conflicts\",\"novels\",\"Tanzania\",\"young adult\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Vol 06 N02 2025\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=3461\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=3461\",\"name\":\"Article 12 Issue 02 vol 6 July 2025 - ATRAS journal\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=3461#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=3461#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/image-2.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-07-15T20:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-12-10T19:03:05+00:00\",\"description\":\"Classes, conflicts, novels, Tanzania, young adult\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=3461#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=3461\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=3461#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/image-2.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/image-2.png\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":278},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=3461#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Article 12 Issue 02 vol 6 July 2025\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"ATRAS journal\",\"description\":\"ATRAS is a double-blind, peer-reviewed, and multidisciplinary journal issued by the Faculty of Letters, Languages, and Arts, Saida University\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"ATRAS journal\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"ATRAS journal\",\"alternateName\":\"ATRAS is a double-blind, peer-reviewed, and multidisciplinary journal issued by the Faculty of Letters, Languages, and Arts, Saida University\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/logo-512x512-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/logo-512x512-1.png\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"ATRAS journal\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/p\\\/ATRAS-journal-100083161450894\\\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ad5e6fcff0b37638480b00e92868cd64\",\"name\":\"atras\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"atras\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?author=2\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Article 12 Issue 02 vol 6 July 2025 - ATRAS journal","description":"Classes, conflicts, novels, Tanzania, young adult","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3461","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Article 12 Issue 02 vol 6 July 2025","og_description":"Classes, conflicts, novels, Tanzania, young adult","og_url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3461","og_site_name":"ATRAS journal","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/p\/ATRAS-journal-100083161450894\/","article_published_time":"2025-07-15T20:00:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-12-10T19:03:05+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1000,"height":278,"url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-2.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"atras","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_title":"Article 12 Issue 02 vol 6 July 2025","twitter_description":"Classes, conflicts, novels, Tanzania, young adult","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"atras","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3461#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3461"},"author":{"name":"atras","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/ad5e6fcff0b37638480b00e92868cd64"},"headline":"Article 12 Issue 02 vol 6 July 2025","datePublished":"2025-07-15T20:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-12-10T19:03:05+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3461"},"wordCount":734,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3461#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-2.png","keywords":["Classes","conflicts","novels","Tanzania","young adult"],"articleSection":["Vol 06 N02 2025"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3461","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3461","name":"Article 12 Issue 02 vol 6 July 2025 - ATRAS journal","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3461#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3461#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-2.png","datePublished":"2025-07-15T20:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-12-10T19:03:05+00:00","description":"Classes, conflicts, novels, Tanzania, young adult","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3461#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3461"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3461#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-2.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-2.png","width":1000,"height":278},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3461#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Article 12 Issue 02 vol 6 July 2025"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/","name":"ATRAS journal","description":"ATRAS is a double-blind, peer-reviewed, and multidisciplinary journal issued by the Faculty of Letters, Languages, and Arts, Saida University","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization"},"alternateName":"ATRAS journal","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization","name":"ATRAS journal","alternateName":"ATRAS is a double-blind, peer-reviewed, and multidisciplinary journal issued by the Faculty of Letters, Languages, and Arts, Saida University","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/logo-512x512-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/logo-512x512-1.png","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"ATRAS journal"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/p\/ATRAS-journal-100083161450894\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/ad5e6fcff0b37638480b00e92868cd64","name":"atras","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"atras"},"url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?author=2"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3461","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3461"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3461\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3473,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3461\/revisions\/3473"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3461"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3461"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3461"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}