{"id":3470,"date":"2025-07-15T20:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-07-15T20:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3470"},"modified":"2025-12-14T17:54:43","modified_gmt":"2025-12-14T17:54:43","slug":"article-15-issue-02-vol-6-july-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3470","title":{"rendered":"Article 15 Issue 02 vol 6 July 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"section-geb5931\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-geb5931 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-center-desktop text-align-center-tablet text-align-justify-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><h2 class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong>Title: <\/strong> <strong>A pragmatic discourse analysis of media contexts and political messages in Iraq<\/strong><\/h2><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-gac8230\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-gac8230 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-center-desktop\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong>Mohammed Raad\u00a0 Jadow Al Fraij\u00a0<br>University of Samarra , Iraq<br>Email: muhammed.raad@uosamarra.edu.iq<br>https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8351-6381<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g656699\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e0 section-g656699 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g92b167\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g92b167 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-justify-desktop\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\">This research examines the attitudes of university students in Egypt toward resistance, solidarity with the Palestinian cause, and everyday boycott practices, positioning the university as a site of political and intellectual struggle. The main aim is to explore how students navigate political constraints within academic institutions. Through semi-structured Zoom interviews with 48 education students from various Egyptian universities, the study reveals that while political expression on campus is limited by implicit boundaries, students engage in indirect forms of resistance\u2014such as consumer boycotts and cultural symbolism\u2014as strategies to contest political and cultural hegemony. The findings underscore the role of higher education in fostering political consciousness and symbolic resistance, affirming that universities remain contested ideological spaces where youth creatively engage with national and regional political realities. <\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g33472e\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e0 section-g33472e gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong>Keywords:<\/strong>  Academic freedom, national identity, Palestinian issue, political education, symbolic resistance<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/archive\/index.php\/files\/article\/view\/210\/251\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"278\" src=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1136\" style=\"width:183px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-2.png 1000w, https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-2-300x83.png 300w, https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-2-768x214.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g03e6f3\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e0 section-g03e6f3 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong><strong>How to Cite this Paper&nbsp;:<\/strong><\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g0ad6aa\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g0ad6aa gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-justify-desktop text-align-justify-tablet text-align-justify-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\">Jadow, Mohammed Raad . ( 2025 ) . A pragmatic discourse analysis of media contexts and political messages in Iraq. <em>Atras Journal,\u00a0 6<\/em> (2), 245-262.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g-xxoep8i\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g-xxoep8i gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-justify-desktop text-align-justify-tablet text-align-justify-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong>DOI:\u00a0<br><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70091\/Atras\/vol06no01.1\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70091\/Atras\/vol06no02.15\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70091\/Atras\/vol06no02.15<\/a><\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-gab90ba\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e0 section-gab90ba gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong>References<\/strong>:<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-gd112da\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-gd112da gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-justify-desktop text-align-justify-tablet text-align-justify-mobile\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\">Abu Khreis, H. (2020). The requirements of using digital platforms in education as recognized by faculty and students: A Study applied to Fayoum University. <em>Journal of the College of Social Work for Social Studies and Research, 20<\/em>(1), 435\u2013507. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/jfss.2020.111550\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/jfss.2020.111550<\/a><br>Ahmed, D. (2025). Social media and youth: An analytical study. <em>Journal of the Faculty of Arts, Sohag University, 74<\/em>(2), 135\u2013164. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/bfa.2024.343358.1432\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/bfa.2024.343358.1432<\/a><br>Amnesty International. (2025). <em>The state of the world\u2019s human rights<\/em>. Amnesty International Ltd.<br>Besley, T., &amp; Peters, M. (2020). <em>The Far-Right, education and violence: An educational philosophy and theory reader<\/em>. Taylor &amp;\u202fFrancis.<br>Bourdieu, P., Betensky, C., Murray, J., Szeman, I., Brown, N., Lopes, P., Le\u202fHir, M., Hipsky, M., Holton, R., Guillory, J., &amp; Simeoni, D. (2023). <em>Pierre Bourdieu: Fieldwork in culture<\/em>. Rowman &amp;\u202fLittlefield.<br>Carroll, W. (2024). <em>The Elgar Companion to Antonio Gramsci<\/em>. Edward Elgar Publishing.<br>Coskun, M. (2020). <em>Improvising the voice of the ancestors<\/em>. Lit\u202fVerlag.<br>Dooley, K., &amp; Mu, G. (2023). <em>Bourdieu and Sino\u2013foreign higher education<\/em>. Taylor &amp;\u202fFrancis.<br>Elsayed, Y. (2021). Universities\u2019 means of developing national identity: A comparative study in Egypt, France, and Japan. <em>Journal of the College of Education in Educational Sciences, 45<\/em>(1), 317\u2013435. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/jfees.2021.189148\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/jfees.2021.189148<\/a><br>Fahmy, D., &amp; Faruqi, D. (2017). <em>Egypt and the contradictions of liberalism: Illiberal intelligentsia and the future of Egyptian democracy<\/em>. Oneworld Publications.<br>Fallace, T. (2018). <em>In the shadow of authoritarianism: American education in the twentieth century<\/em>. Teachers College Press.<br>Faour, M., &amp; Boujaoude, S. (2024). <em>Education scorecard in the Middle East: Performance and context of student achievement in global tests<\/em>. Springer Nature.<br>Freire, P. (1970). <em>Pedagogy of the Oppressed<\/em>. Continuum.<br>Freire, P. (2021). <em>Education for critical consciousness<\/em>. Bloomsbury Publishing.<br>Ghanem, N. (2022). The reality of university student activities and their role in promoting national identity. <em>Journal of the Faculty of Education, Damietta, 81<\/em>(1), 329\u2013348. <a href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.21608\/jsdu.2022.230700\">https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.21608\/jsdu.2022.230700<\/a><br>Goher, A. (2023). Requirements for improving the political and regulatory environment in faculties of education in Egypt: The Faculty of Education in Damietta as a model. <em>Journal of the Faculty of Education, Port\u00a0Said University, 43<\/em>(1), 437\u2013469. <a href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.21608\/jftp.2023.211225.1296\">https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.21608\/jftp.2023.211225.1296<\/a><br>Gramsci, A. (2021). <em>Subaltern social groups: A critical edition of Prison Notebook<\/em>. Columbia University Press.<br>Jenkins, R. (2025). <em>Pierre Bourdieu<\/em>. Taylor &amp;\u202fFrancis.<br>Keyes, J. (2024). <em>Education is freedom: The future is in your hands<\/em>. Savio Republic.<br>Mayo, P. (2024). <em>Culture, power and education: Representation, interpretation, contestation<\/em>. Taylor &amp;\u202fFrancis.<br>Nagel, E. (2025). <em>Beyond no: Harnessing the power of resistance for positive organizational growth<\/em>. Wiley.<br>Samuel, J. (2020). <em>Untouchable bodies, resistance, and liberation: A comparative theology of divine possessions<\/em>. Brill.<br>Sant, E. (2021). <em>Political education in times of populism: Towards a radical democratic education<\/em>. Springer International Publishing.<br>Vandenbroeck, M. (2020). <em>Revisiting Paulo Freire\u2019s Pedagogy of the Oppressed<\/em>. Taylor &amp;\u202fFrancis.<br>Yancy, G. (2019). <em>Educating for critical consciousness<\/em>. Routledge.<br>Zabad, I. (2019). <em>The aftermath of defeats in war: Between revenge and recovery<\/em>. Springer International Publishing.<br>Zayed, H., Sika, N., &amp; Elnur, I. (2016). <em>The student movement in Egypt: A microcosm of contentious politics<\/em>. AUC Press.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"145\" height=\"50\" src=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2538\" style=\"width:119px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g-6264hl4\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g-6264hl4 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text text-align-justify-desktop\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\">Copyright for all articles published in&nbsp;<strong>ATRAS&nbsp;<\/strong>belongs to the author. The authors also grant permission to the publisher to publish, reproduce, distribute, and transmit the articles.&nbsp;<strong>ATRAS&nbsp;<\/strong>publishes accepted papers under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) License. Authors submitting papers for publication in&nbsp;<strong>ATRAS&nbsp;<\/strong>agree to apply the CC BY-NC 4.0 license to their work. For non-commercial purposes, anyone may copy, redistribute material, remix, transform, and construct material in any media or format, provided that the terms of the license are observed and the original source is properly cited.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Academic freedom, national identity, Palestinian issue, political education, symbolic resistance<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[846],"tags":[908,909,910,911,912],"class_list":["post-3470","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-vol-06-n02-2025","tag-academic-freedom","tag-national-identity","tag-palestinian-issue","tag-political-education","tag-symbolic-resistance"],"gutentor_comment":0,"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Article 15 Issue 02 vol 6 July 2025 - ATRAS journal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Academic freedom, national identity, Palestinian issue, political education, symbolic resistance\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3470\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Article 15 Issue 02 vol 6 July 2025 - ATRAS journal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Academic freedom, national identity, Palestinian issue, political education, symbolic resistance\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3470\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ATRAS journal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/p\/ATRAS-journal-100083161450894\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-07-15T20:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-12-14T17:54:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-2.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"278\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"atras\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"atras\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=3470#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=3470\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"atras\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ad5e6fcff0b37638480b00e92868cd64\"},\"headline\":\"Article 15 Issue 02 vol 6 July 2025\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-07-15T20:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-12-14T17:54:43+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=3470\"},\"wordCount\":774,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=3470#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/image-2.png\",\"keywords\":[\"Academic freedom\",\"national identity\",\"Palestinian issue\",\"political education\",\"symbolic resistance\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Vol 06 N02 2025\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=3470\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=3470\",\"name\":\"Article 15 Issue 02 vol 6 July 2025 - ATRAS journal\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=3470#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=3470#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/image-2.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-07-15T20:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-12-14T17:54:43+00:00\",\"description\":\"Academic freedom, national identity, Palestinian issue, political education, symbolic resistance\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=3470#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=3470\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=3470#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/image-2.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/image-2.png\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":278},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?p=3470#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Article 15 Issue 02 vol 6 July 2025\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"ATRAS journal\",\"description\":\"ATRAS is a double-blind, peer-reviewed, and multidisciplinary journal issued by the Faculty of Letters, Languages, and Arts, Saida University\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"ATRAS journal\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"ATRAS journal\",\"alternateName\":\"ATRAS is a double-blind, peer-reviewed, and multidisciplinary journal issued by the Faculty of Letters, Languages, and Arts, Saida University\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/logo-512x512-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/logo-512x512-1.png\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"ATRAS journal\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/p\\\/ATRAS-journal-100083161450894\\\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ad5e6fcff0b37638480b00e92868cd64\",\"name\":\"atras\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"atras\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/atras-univ-saida.dz\\\/en\\\/?author=2\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Article 15 Issue 02 vol 6 July 2025 - ATRAS journal","description":"Academic freedom, national identity, Palestinian issue, political education, symbolic resistance","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3470","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Article 15 Issue 02 vol 6 July 2025 - ATRAS journal","og_description":"Academic freedom, national identity, Palestinian issue, political education, symbolic resistance","og_url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3470","og_site_name":"ATRAS journal","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/p\/ATRAS-journal-100083161450894\/","article_published_time":"2025-07-15T20:00:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-12-14T17:54:43+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1000,"height":278,"url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-2.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"atras","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"atras","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3470#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3470"},"author":{"name":"atras","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/ad5e6fcff0b37638480b00e92868cd64"},"headline":"Article 15 Issue 02 vol 6 July 2025","datePublished":"2025-07-15T20:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-12-14T17:54:43+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3470"},"wordCount":774,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3470#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-2.png","keywords":["Academic freedom","national identity","Palestinian issue","political education","symbolic resistance"],"articleSection":["Vol 06 N02 2025"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3470","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3470","name":"Article 15 Issue 02 vol 6 July 2025 - ATRAS journal","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3470#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3470#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-2.png","datePublished":"2025-07-15T20:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-12-14T17:54:43+00:00","description":"Academic freedom, national identity, Palestinian issue, political education, symbolic resistance","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3470#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3470"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3470#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-2.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-2.png","width":1000,"height":278},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?p=3470#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Article 15 Issue 02 vol 6 July 2025"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/","name":"ATRAS journal","description":"ATRAS is a double-blind, peer-reviewed, and multidisciplinary journal issued by the Faculty of Letters, Languages, and Arts, Saida University","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization"},"alternateName":"ATRAS journal","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#organization","name":"ATRAS journal","alternateName":"ATRAS is a double-blind, peer-reviewed, and multidisciplinary journal issued by the Faculty of Letters, Languages, and Arts, Saida University","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/logo-512x512-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/logo-512x512-1.png","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"ATRAS journal"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/p\/ATRAS-journal-100083161450894\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/ad5e6fcff0b37638480b00e92868cd64","name":"atras","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/607d3e9ced6ad1403645c0d9854f1d33abaeefbd7fecc154ab8216f3dd005418?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"atras"},"url":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/?author=2"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3470","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3470"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3470\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3484,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3470\/revisions\/3484"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3470"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3470"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atras-univ-saida.dz\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3470"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}