Title: Comparative Analysis of the Selected Speeches by Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Mohandas Karamch and Gandhion the Basis of Politeness Strategies

Farman Haider
Abasyn University Islamabad Campus, Pakistan

Abstract

This research is based on a comparative analysis of the selected speeches delivered by Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Mohandas Karamch and Gandhi based on politeness strategies. Both speakers were analyzed based on four politeness strategies that are bald on-record, negative politeness, positive politeness, and off-records. This study looks at the politeness strategies used by ‘Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah’ and ‘Mohandas Karamch and Gandhi’ on a comparative basis. Four speeches have been selected for the analysis; two from Jinnah and two from Gandhi. According to the findings, both speakers used four types of Brown and Levinson’s (1987) strategies: bald on record, positive politeness, negative politeness, and off record. A total of 122 utterances were opted from the speeches of both speakers; 80 from Jinnah and 42 from Gandhi. In particular, Jinnah employs the bald-on- record strategy 45 times or 56.25%. Positive politeness 20 times (25%), negative 10 times (12.5%), and off record five times (6.25%) Gandhi employs the bald on record strategy 3 times or 7.14%. Positive politeness 27 times (64.28%), negative politeness 11 times (26.19%), and off record once (2.38%). Jinnah’s most common politeness strategy is Bald, while Gandhi uses positive politeness the most in his speeches. Negative politeness has been employed more by Gandhi and Off Record by Jinnah. Bald on category is more direct and uses utterances without keeping face-saving, but positive and Negative politeness save the face of the listeners.

Keywords:

Bald on Record, Negative Politeness, Off Record, Politeness, Positive Politeness

How to Cite this Paper:

Farman, H. (2023). Comparative Analysis of the Selected Speeches by Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Mohandas Karamch and Gandhion the Basis of Politeness Strategies. Atras Journal, 4(2), 201-220

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